Social Stratification Racial Stratification - 1878 Words

Cierra Stewart Tartan ID #000824068 Week 16 May 6, 2016 Sociology Final Project Stratification 1.1: Racial Stratification Social stratification, as described by our textbook, is the structuring of inequalities between groups in society, in terms of their access to material or symbolic rewards. Essentially, social stratification ranks people in a society in a vertical arrangement, also known as a hierarchy, which defines them as superior or inferior. In terms of racial stratification, this means that some populations that share certain physically inherited characteristics (known as races) are classified as inferior, while members of other races are considered superior. In the West, this means that all non-white people are considered inferior, while white people are the superior race. For centuries, scientific discourses in the West sought to show that humanity was divided into a number of biologically distinct â€Å"races† and, simultaneously, that some racial groups were superior to others. Scientists and physicians presented certain people – either groups or individuals – as icons of embodied racial difference in order to justify White political power and Western colonialism. (â€Å"Social Stratification and the Body: Gender, Race, and Class†). Racial stratification, whether explicitly or implicitly, attributes merits and allocates values to members of racially categorized groups considered superior. On the opposite end of this privilege exists oppression for groups consideredShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Social Stratification On Minorities1195 Words   |  5 Pages†¨During the course of this class I have learned about social problems within the society in which we live and around the world. It is disturbing to learn that pover ty, social inequality, race and cultural discrimination, gender stratification, environmental damage, population growth, and urbanization are among the social problems and controversial issues that still exist in the United States. What is Social Stratification Social stratification is defined as a system by which society ranks categoriesRead MoreSocial Stratification And The Caste System Essay1342 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Stratification Social stratification is an important component of society, as it helps individuals determine their proper place in society by creating a form of social hierarchy (Larkin, 2015). Many analysis use the social stratification system to help determine the inequalities, and this system of organization is found in every society across the world, though it will differ from one society to another (Larkin, 2015). Sociologists group different and diverse people into different levelsRead MoreIncreasing Connectedness Of The World Community Essay1862 Words   |  8 PagesIncreasing connectedness of the world community has affected the segmentation of certain groups within social structures. The experiences of various groups as this process has unfolded reveals that the segmentation has grown more drastic. Intentional hiring practices and lowered wages due to group identity indicate that portions of this segmentation are deliberate. Meanwhile, there appear to be indirect forces at work such as t he changes in opportunity based on the context in which an individualRead MoreStratification : Social, Class, And Caste1197 Words   |  5 PagesStratification: Social, Economic, Class, and Caste Social stratification is made up of hierarchical relationships among different groups of people. It is as though people are arranged in strata, or layers. Groups may be unequal with material resources, power, human welfare, education, and symbolic attributes. This social stratification began with the emergence of agriculture, but is now universally present. Stratification can be broken up into categories such as class, caste, age, and indigeneityRead MoreSocial Problems Perpetuated Essays1147 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout United States history, power of the upper class has been maintained by assigning â€Å"different† people a lower, less desirable, place in society, predisposing them to social inequalities. Social stratification creates a system of social classes in which people born into a specific class have different â€Å"life chances† (Macionis 28). These classes are somewhat maintained by the fact that people tend to â€Å"take care of their own,† meaning that members of the upper class generally favor other membersRead MoreTopic . The Goals Of My Research Strive To Assess The Biopolitical1457 Words   |  6 Pagesthe biopolitical construction of a socially embedded hierarchy of otherness in Singapore, with specific regards to its impact on the reproduction of low-skilled migrant workers. More concretely, this essay seeks to address the restriction and stratification of reproduction amongst low-skilled migrant workers in Singapore, illuminating and analyzing the key structural factors that contribute to this reality. As fertility levels in developed nations continue to decline and reliance on immigrant labourRead MoreNorth American And Indian Societies927 Words   |  4 Pagessimilarities in how their population is separated. India has the caste system and North America has the social class or class system to divide their population. These two systems are similar but they also have their differences. According to, Sociology: The Essentials, caste system is defined as a system of stratification (characterized by low social mobility) in which one’s place in the stratification system is determined by birth. This is also known as an ascribed status. â€Å"This system in found inRead MoreThe Importance Of Education In Education788 Words   |  4 PagesEducation is the cornerstone that causes the greatest division and stratification more-so than any other factor. Having a formal education is not always means for a discernable division, but â€Å"status groups emerge among people with similar incomes, occupations, and educations† (Marger, 2014, p. 55). Societies arrange members of their society in terms of superiority, inferiority and equality. Similar behaviors, beliefs and values are seen in social mobility which can hinder or excel an individuals’ opportunitiesRead MoreOrange County, California Demographic Report1604 Words   |  7 PagesOrange County, California Demographic Report Demographics is the study of human population based on statistical facts of the social and economic characteristics of a locality. This report describes the demographic outline of Orange County, California, which is located east of the Pacific Ocean and south of Los Angeles County. As of 2014, the population was 3,086,331 making it the third most populated county in Southern California (U.S. Census Bureau, 2014). Primarily known as â€Å"The OC,† Orange CountyRead MoreSociology - the Blind Side Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesStructural-Functional Analysis of gender-role inequality works in this situation in that he finds his place within the family unit, while he is still judged on his size, it organizes his social life as well as helping him to find his place, Parsons (1942, 1951, 1954).   Birth alone does not Determine his entire life.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Social Stratification works here in that as a trait of society is not simply a reflection of Individual differences, privileged position, children born into wealthy families are more likely

Bank of the Philippine Islands Free Essays

BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Bank of the Philippine Islands (BPI) is that country’s second-largest bank, trailing only Metropolitan Bank ; Trust. It is also the Philippines’ oldest bank and one of the oldest of all Asian banks. BPI offers a full range of commercial and retail financial services, including corporate finance services, asset management, and brokerage and other financial consulting services. We will write a custom essay sample on Bank of the Philippine Islands or any similar topic only for you Order Now BPI’s retail network includes more than 700 branches throughout the Philippines, as well as branches in New York, Hong Kong, and Tokyo. The bank also operates a network of more than 1,200 automated teller machines and more than 8,500 retailer-based point-of-sale machines. In 1999, BPI pioneered online banking in the Philippines with the launch of online bank BPI Direct in 1999. In addition to its banking products and services, BPI has also developed a strong non-life insurance operation, chiefly under subsidiary BPI/MS Insurance Corporation. Listed on the Philippines Stock Exchange, BPI has long been majority controlled by Philippines conglomerate Ayala Corporation. * leader in electronic banking, having introduced most of the firsts in the industry, such as: * automated teller machines (ATMs), * a point-of-sale debit system * kiosk banking * phone banking internet banking * mobile banking * owned by the Ayala Corporation Business Evolution * post World War II era, BPI evolved from a purely commercial bank to a fully diversified universal bank * accomplished mainly through mergers and acquisitions in the eighties when it absorbed an investment house, a stockbrokerage company, a leasing company, a savings bank, and a retail finance company * Since the late 1990s – consummated three bank mergers * 1996 – merged with City Trust Banking Corporatio n 2000 * consummated the biggest merger then in the banking industry when it merged with the former Far East Bank ; Trust Company (FEBTC) * formalized its acquisition of three major insurance companies in the life, non-life and reinsurance fields * 2005 – acquired and merged with Prudential Bank MERGERS April 2007 – Bank of the Philippine Islands (Europe) Plc * October 2008 – BPI, Ayala Corporation and Globe Telecom signed a Memorandum of Agreement to form the country’s first mobile microfinance bank * 2009 – entered into a strategic bancassurance partnership with The Philippine American Life Insurance Company (Philamlife) to form BPI-Philam Life Assurance Corp Principal Subsidiaries * BPI Family Savings Bank, Inc. * BPI Capital Corporation * BPI Leasing Corporation * BPI Direct Savings Bank * BPI International Finance Limited, Hong Kong BPI Express Remittance Corporation * Bank of the Philippine Island (Europe) Plc, * Ayala Plans, Inc. * BPI/MS1 I nsurance Corporation Reasons Of merger * Jaime Augusto Zobel de Ayala, BPI’s Chairman, said the purchase would further â€Å"enhance† the operations of BPI with increased or widened network. * New incentive package by BSP with respect to mergers and acquisitions * BPI has been on the lookout for some good acquisitions in order to bolster its position as a rising regional financial powerhouse. The merger is seen to offer a good strategic fit to BPI in penetrating the attractive customer segment of Prudential composed mostly of middle market entrepreneurs. * With the merger, BPI will solidify its position as the country’s second largest bank with combined assets totaling P456. 09 billion. * BPI expects to gain at least 200,000 new accounts with the acquisition. BPI and FAR EAST BANK TRUST COMPANY MERGER The majority stockholders of the Bank of Philippine Islands (BPI) and Far East Bank and Trust Co. FEBTC) approved the merger of the two banks, making the combined entity the 10th largest financial institution in the region with over $3. 5 billion in capital. The merger catapulted BPI/FEBTC as the country’s largest bank, accounting for 14 percent of the entire banking industry’s total resources with combined  assets of P372. 4 billion. The merged institution will also have the largest branch network of 680. BPI president Xavier Loinaz, in an interview, said they expect the integration of the two banks to be firmed up by the end of March this year. We think that by end of March this year, they (merger process) would be falling into place,† Loinaz said, when asked about the merger timetable. FEBTC president Octavio Espiritu assured FEBTC employees that they will work out ways to thresh out remaining issues regarding the merger particularly the possible massive displacement of FEBTC personnel. While they are finalizing the integration, both Loinaz and Espiritu said the performance of their respective banks in 1999 was relati vely â€Å"flat†. â€Å"We haven’t seen any growth for the year, pretty much the same level as last year. Loans are flat for 1999,† Loinaz said, adding that BPI’s bottomline was also â€Å"flat†. The same thing with FEBTC, Espiritu said the bank’s income was down due to loans provisioning amounting to about P2 billion for the year. This year, Loinaz said they are still waiting for the economy to turn around. â€Å"Last year was quite disappointing. We showed a slight drop in (bottomline) the previous year,† he added. Loinaz said they do not expect â€Å"too much† from the first year of merger of BPI and FEBTC. But, he informed the stockholder that for 2000, the pro-forma projected earnings per share for the merged bank would be 5. 37 percent, 6. 31 percent in 2001 and 6. 79 percent in 2001. Based on BPI’s closing price on Oct. 20, 1999, the day that the merger agreement was signed and announced, the exchange ratio represented an implied value of P82. 50 per FEBTC share or an implied premium of 18 percent to FEBTC’s closing price on that day. According to Loinaz, they look forward to working with DBS Bank which now owns about 20 percent of the merged bank. DBS Bank is the second largest bank in the region. How to cite Bank of the Philippine Islands, Essay examples

Colonialism and African Nations free essay sample

Introduction The neo-colonialism of today speaks to dominion in its last and maybe it’s most hazardous stage. In the past it was conceivable to change over a nation whereupon a neo-colonial administration had been encroached Egypt in the nineteenth century is a sample into a pioneer domain. Today this process is no more attainable. Obsolete designed imperialism is in no way, shape or form altogether annulled. It still constitutes an African issue; however it is all over on the retreat. When a region has ended up ostensibly autonomous it is no more conceivable, as it was in the most recent century, to invert the methodology. Existing states might wait on, yet no new settlements will be made. Set up of provinciality as the primary instrument of dominion we have today neo-colonialism. The being of neo-colonialism is that the State which is liable to it is, in principle, free and has all the outward trappings of global power. As a general rule it’s the financial framework and therefore its political strategy is regulated from outside. The routines and type of this course can take different shapes. For instance, in an amazing case the troops of the royal force might battalion the domain of the neo-colonial State and control the legislature of it. All the more frequently, then again, neo-colonialist control is practiced through budgetary or fiscal methods. The neo-colonial State may be obliged to take the made results of the radical power to the rejection of contending items from somewhere else. Control over government approach in the neo-colonial State may be secured by installments towards the expense of running the State, by the procurement of common servants in positions where they can direct arrangement, and by fiscal control over outside trade through the encroachment of a keeping money framework regulated by the magnificent force. Where neo-colonialism exists the force practicing control is frequently the State which in the past led the region being referred to, however this is possibly so. For instance, on account of South Vietnam the previous royal force was France, yet neo-colonial control of the State has now headed off to the United States. It is conceivable that neo-colonial control may be practiced by a consortium of money related premiums which are not particularly identifiable with any specific State. The control of the Congo by incredible worldwide budgetary concerns is a for example. The aftereffect of neo-colonialism is that remote capital is utilized for the misuse instead of for the improvement of the less advanced parts of the planet. Venture under neo-imperialism builds as opposed to abatements the hole between the rich and the poor nations of the planet. The battle against neo-colonialism is not pointed at barring the capital of the advanced planet from working in less improved nations. It is pointed at avoiding the money related force of the advanced nations being utilized within such a route as to bankrupt the less improved. Non-arrangement, as practiced by Ghana and numerous different nations, is dependent upon co-operation with all States if they be entrepreneur, communist or has a blended economy. Such an arrangement, in this way, includes outside venture from entrepreneur nations, however it must be put resources into understanding with a national arrange drawn up by the legislature of the neutral State because of its own diversions. The issue is not what furnish a proportional payback guru accepts on his ventures. He might, actually, improve for himself provided that he puts resources into an uncommitted nation than in the event that he puts resources into a neo-provincial one. The inquiry is one of force. A State in the hold of neo-expansionism is not ace of its own fate. It is this element which makes neo-imperialism such a genuine risk to planet peace. The development of atomic weapons has made out of date the out-dated designed adjust of force which rested upon a definitive authorize of a major war. Assurance of common mass obliteration viably averts either of the extraordinary power coalitions from debilitating the other with the likelihood of a planet wide war, and military clash has along these lines gotten restricted to constrained wars. For these neo-expansionism is the reproducing grounds. Such wars can, obviously, occur in nations which are not neo-colonialist regulated. To be sure their item may be to secure in a little yet free nation a neo-colonialist administration. The underhanded of neo-colonialism is that it anticipates the framing of the aforementioned extensive units which might make unthinkable constrained war. To give one illustration: if Africa was united, no real force coalition might endeavor to repress it by restricted war since from the precise nature of constrained war, what could be realized by it is itself constrained. It is, just where little States exist that it is conceivable, via arriving a couple of thousand marines or by financing a hired soldier drive, to secure a definitive effect. The confinement of military movement of restricted wars is, notwithstanding, no assurance of planet peace and is liable to be the component which will at last include the incredible power coalitions in a planet war, however much both are resolved to maintain a strategic distance from it. Constrained war, once left upon, attains energy of its own. Of this, the war in South Vietnam is stand out sample. It heightens in spite of the longing of the incredible power coalitions to keep it constrained. While this specific war may be averted from expediting a planet clash, the duplication of comparable constrained wars can just have one end-planet war and the horrible results of atomic clash. Neo-colonialism is additionally the most exceedingly bad type of government. For the individuals who practice it, it implies power without avocation and for the individuals who experience the ill effects of it, it implies misuse without change. In the times of antiquated molded colonialism, the majestic power had anyhow to demonstrate and defend at home the activities it was taking abroad. In the settlement the individuals who served the governing magnificent power could at any rate look to its insurance against any vicious move by their adversaries. With neo-colonialism not, one or the other is the situation. Most importantly, neo-colonialism, such as colonialism before it, defers the confronting of the social issues which will be confronted by the completely improved segment of the planet soon after the peril of planet war might be wiped out or the issue of planet destitution determined. Neo-colonialism, such as colonialism, is an endeavor to fare the social clashes of the investor nations. The brief prosperity of this arrangement might be seen in the continually broadening hole between the wealthier and the poorer countries of the planet. Be that as it may the inside disagreements and clashes of neo-colonialism make it sure that it cant persist as a changeless planet approach. How it ought to be carried to a close is an issue that ought to be examined, most importantly, by the improved countries of the planet, since it is they who will feel the full effect of a definitive disappointment. The more extended it proceeds the more certain it is that its unavoidable breakdown will devastate the social arrangement of which they have made it an establishment. The reason behind its progression in the post-war period could be rapidly compressed. The issue which went up against the well-off nations of the planet at the end of the second planet war was the vastness of returning to the prewar condition in which there was a fantastic delta between the few rich and the various poor. Notwithstanding what particular political assembling was in energy, the inward weights in the rich countries of the planet were such that no post-war mogul country could survive unless it transformed into a Welfare State. There could be refinements in degree in the level of the social benefits given to the mechanical and agrarian workers, yet what was everywhere throughout the spot unimaginable was a returned to the mass unemployment and to the low level of living of the prewar years. From the completion of the nineteenth century onwards, areas had been seen as a wellspring of fortune which could be used to ease the class crashes in the industrialist States and, as will be elucidated later, this approach had a couple of triumphs. In the meantime it failed in its great question since the prewar industrialist States were so formed inside that the weight of the profit a result of outskirts having a place ran across its track into the pockets of the speculator class and not into those of the workers. Far from accomplishing the thing proposed, the working populace parties from time to time tended to recognize their speculation with those of the pioneer people and the colonialist powers wound up dazzled upon a crash on two fronts, at home with their own specific masters and abroad against the advancing obliges of common liberation. The post-war period presented a by and large distinctive common method. A think about attempt was made to possess outskirts salary from the well-off class and use them rather all around to back the Welfare State. As will be seen from the cases given later, this was the procedure deliberately appropriated even by those working populace guides who had after the war seen the outskirts people as their trademark accomplices against their specialist enemies at home. At the start it was accepted that this dissent could be achieved by caring for the prewar pioneer structure. Experience soon showed that attempts to do so could be lamentable and might just instigate outskirts wars, thusly disseminating the anticipated gets from the continuation of the pioneer organization. Britain, particularly, comprehended this at an early compose and the rightness of the British judgment around then has subsequentl y been indicated by the whipping of French government in the Far East and Algeria and the dissatisfaction of the Dutch to hold any of their past outskirts area. The course of action of neo-colonialism was in this way established and in the short run it has served the enhanced powers exceptionally. It is in the long run that its conclusions are obligated to be cataclysmic for them. Neo-colonialism is based upon the standard of dividing past far reaching united traveler locales into different non-suitable States which are unequipped for independent change and should hinge on the past wonderful power for safeguard and much inward security. From the beginning the plan might seem to have numerous points of interest for the advanced nations of the planet. All the benefits of neo-colonialism could be secured if, in any given range, a sensible range of the states have a neo-colonialist framework. It is not essential that they all might as well have one. Unless little States can join together they must be urged to offer their essential items at costs managed by the advanced countries and purchase their produced products at the costs settled by them. So long as neo-colonialism can counteract political and financial conditions for best improvement, the improving nations, if they are under neo-colonialist control or not, will be unable to make a huge enough market to back industrialization. In the same way they will fail to offer the fiscal quality to constrain the improved nations to acknowledge their essential items at a reasonable cost. In the neo-colonialist regions, since the previous frontier power has in principle surrendered political control, if the social conditions occasioned by neo-expansionism make a rebellion the neighborhood neo-colonialist government could be yielded and an alternate just as subservient one substituted in its place. Then again, in any mainland where neo-expansionism exists on a wide scale the same social weights which can handle revolts in neo-pioneer regions will additionally influence those States which have declined to acknowledge the framework and along these lines neo-colonialist countries have an instant weapon with which they can undermine their rivals assuming that they seem adequately to be testing the framework. These focal points, which appear from the start so self-evident, are, be that as it may, on examination, fanciful on the grounds that they neglect to mull over the truths of the planet today. The presentation of neo-imperialism builds the competition between the extraordinary forces which was incited by the old-style colonialism. However minimal true power the administration of a neo-colonialist State might have, it should have, from the exact actuality of its ostensible freedom, a certain region of man oeuvre. It will be unable to exist without a neo-colonialist ace yet it might in any case be able to change experts. The perfect neo-colonialist State might be one which was wholly subservient to neo-colonialist engages yet the presence of the communist countries makes it difficult to uphold the full rigour of the neo-colonialist framework. The presence of an elective framework is itself a test to the neo-colonialist administration. Warnings about the dangers of Communist subversion are liable to be two-edged since they carry to the notice of the aforementioned living under a neo-colonialist framework the likelihood of a change of administration. number-crunching spoke to an incredible allurement to solid nations. Notwithstanding they have run up against an alternate math, and it debilitates them. In any case, the leaders of neo-colonial States infer their power to legislate, not from the will of the individuals, however from the backing which they acquire from their neo-colonialist bosses. They have subsequently minimal investment in advancing training, fortifying the dealing force of their laborers utilized by exile firms, or without a doubt of taking any step which might challenge the provincial example of business and industry, which it is the object of neo-colonialism to protect. Help, consequently, to a neo-colonial State is simply a rotating credit, paid by the neo-colonial ace, passing through the neo-colonial State and coming back to the neo-colonial ace as expanded benefits. Furthermore, it is in the field of help that the contention of singular improved States first shows itself. So long as neo-imperialism endures so long will circles of investment persevere, and this makes multilateral support which is actually the main adequate type of help unimaginable. When multilateral support starts the neo-colonialist bosses are f aced by the danger of the vested diversions in their own particular nation. Their makers characteristically question any endeavor to raise the cost of the crude materials which they get from the neo-colonialist region being referred to, or to the foundation there of assembling businesses which may contend specifically or by implication with their own fares to the domain. Indeed training is suspect as prone to handle a person development and it is, obviously, accurate that in numerous less advanced nations the people have been in the vanguard of the battle against neo-colonialism. Near the finale the circumstance comes up that the main kind of support which the neo-colonialist experts think about as sheltered seems to be military help. When a neo-colonialist region is carried to such a state of monetary tumult and wretchedness the revolt really breaks out then, and at exactly that point, is there no restriction to the liberality of the neo-pioneer overlord, furnished, obviously, that the stores supplied are utilized solely for military purposes. Military support truth be told marks the last phase of neo-provinciality and its impact is self-ruinous. At some point or another the weapons supplied pass under the control of the rivals of the neo-colonialist administration and the war itself increments the social hopelessness which initially incited it. Neo-colonialism is a plant stone around the necks of the improved nations which practice it. Unless they can free themselves of it, it will suffocate them. Formerly the advanced forces could escape from the disagreements of neo-imperialism by substituting for it coordinates colonialism. Such an answer is no more conceivable and the purposes behind it have been decently demonstrated by Mr. Owen Lattimore, the United States Far Eastern master and counsel to Chiang Kai-shek in the instantaneous post-war period. He composed: Asia, which was so effortlessly and quickly enslaved by champions in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, showed a stunning capacity determinedly to oppose current guards provided with aircrafts, tanks, engine vehicles and versatile big guns. The same math is liable to apply all around the less improved planet. This book is thus an endeavor to look at neo-colonialism not just in its African connection and its connection to African solidarity, however in planet view. Neo-colonialism is in no way, shape or form only an African inquiry. Much sooner than it was practiced on any substantial scale in Africa it was a built framework in different parts of the planet. No place has it demonstrated great, either in bringing living principles or up in eventually profiting nations which have enjoyed it. Marx anticipated that the developing crevice between the abundance of the controlling classes and the specialists it utilizes would eventually generate a clash lethal to private enterprise in every singular Entrepreneur State. This clash between the rich and the poor has now been exchanged on to the worldwide scene, however for confirmation of what is recognized to be going on it is no more important to counsel the traditional Marxist authors. The circumstance is situated out with the most extreme clarity in the heading organs of entrepreneur conclusion. Take for instance the accompanying concentrates from The Wall Street Journal, the daily paper which maybe best reflects United States industrialist considering. In its issue of 12 May 1965, under the feature of Poor Nations Plight, the paper first dissections which nations are recognized modern and which regressive. There is, it demonstrates, no inflexible system for order. In any case, it brings up: A for the most part utilized breakdown, nonetheless, has as of late been upheld by the International Monetary Fund on the grounds that, in the expressions of an IMF official, the financial division on the planet is getting progressively clear. The break-down, the official says, is dependent upon straightforward practical judgment skills. In the IMFs perspective, the mechanical nations are the United States, the United Kingdom, most West European countries, Canada and Japan. An extraordinary class called other advanced regions incorporates such other European arrives as Finland, Greece and Ireland, in addition to Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. The IMFs less improved class grips all of Latin America and about the sum of the Middle East, non-Communist Asia and Africa. As it were the regressive nations are those arranged in the neo-colonial zones. In the wake of citing figures to underpin its contention, The Wall Street Journal remarks on this circumstance: The modern countries have added about $2 billion to their stores, which now inexact $52 billion. In the meantime, the stores of the less-improved assembly have quit climbing, as well as have declined some $200 million. To experts, for example Britains Miss Ward, the noteworthiness of such detail is clear: the financial hole is quickly enlarging between a white, jaded, exceedingly middle class, exceptionally well off, extremely little North Atlantic top and everyone else, and this is not an exceptionally agreeable legacy to leave to ones kids. Everyone else incorporates more or less two-thirds of the number of inhabitants in the earth, spread through in the vicinity of 100 countries. This is no new issue. In the opening piece of his book, The War on World Poverty, composed in 1953, the present British Labor pioneer, Mr. Harold Wilson, summarized the significant issue of the planet as he then saw it: For the lions share of humankind the most earnest issue is not war, or Communism, or the average cost for basic items, or tariff. It is appetite. Over 1,500,000,000 individuals, something like two-thirds of the planets populace, are existing in states of intense appetite, characterized regarding identifiable dietary malady. This craving is in the meantime the impact and the explanation for the neediness, griminess and hopelessness in which they live. Its outcomes are moreover comprehended. The journalist of The Wall Street Journal at one time cited, underlines them: Numerous negotiators and economists see the suggestions as overwhelmingly and hazardously political. Unless the present decay might be switched, these examiners fear, the United States and other rich mechanical powers of the West face the unique plausibility, in the expressions of British economist Barbara Ward, of a kind of universal class war. What is needed is any positive recommendations for managing the circumstance. All that The Wall Street Journals reporter can do is to bring up that the accepted techniques prescribed for curing the indecencies are just prone to make the circumstance more regrettable. It has been contended that the improved countries may as well adequately help the poorer parts of the planet, and that the entire planet ought to be transformed into a Welfare State. Notwithstanding, there appears prospect that anything of this sort could be attained. The supposed help programmes to help regressive economies speak to, consistent with a harsh U. n. appraise, one and only 50% of one for every penny of the sum wage of mechanical nations. In any case concerning the prospect of expanding such help the state of mind is one of negativity: A huge school of thought holds that unfolded allotment the-fortune plans are optimistic and illogical. This school fights atmosphere, undeveloped human abilities, absence of regular assets and different components not only absence of cash impede financial advancement in a large portion of these terrains, and that the nations need work force with the preparation or will to utilize immeasurably developed support successfully. Offer the-fortune plans, as per this view, might be like pouring cash down a no-limit well, debilitating the giver countries without successfully curing the ills of the beneficiaries. The preposterous of this contention is showed by the way that each one of the explanations cited to demonstrate why the less improved parts of the planet cant be produced connected just as positively to the present advanced nations in the period preceding their advancement. The contention is just correct in this sense. The less advanced planet wont get improved through the goodwill. Neo-colonialism as the Continuation of economic model of colonialism Neocolonialism might be characterized as the continuation of the financial model of colonialism after a colonized domain has attained formal political freedom. This notion was connected most normally to Africa in the last 50% of the twentieth century. European nations had colonized a large portion of the landmass in the late nineteenth century, organizing an arrangement of financial abuse in which African crude materials, especially money crops and minerals, were dispossessed and sent out to the sole event of the colonizing power. The thought of neocolonialism, notwithstanding, prescribes that when European forces conceded ostensible political freedom to provinces in the decades after World War II, they proceeded to control the economies of the new African nations. Hypothetical impacts of Neo-colonization The idea of neocolonialism has a few hypothetical impacts. Above all else, it owes much to Marxist considering. Composing in the late nineteenth century, Karl Marx contended that free enterprise spoke to a stage in the socioeconomic advancement of mankind. He accepted that, eventually and inescapably, the entrepreneur framework in modernly improved nations might be toppled by an upheaval of the working population; this might bring about the foundation of communist utopias. In 1916, Vladimir Lenin altered this proposal, guaranteeing that the fast development of European dominion far and wide in the most recent decade of the nineteenth century had denoted the most elevated phase of private enterprise. Probably, then, the finish of government (which Lenin accepted might be the aftereffect of World War I) might stamp the start of the close of private enterprise. Be that as it may, not colonialism or a free market system arrived at a closure after the war or in future years. European realms held on well into the 1960s. With the giving of autonomy to settlements, a hypothesis of modernization took hold. This recommended that autonomous nations might start to improve quite quickly, politically and monetarily, and might look like up to date Western nations. It soon came to be clear, nonetheless, that this was not incident. Post-colonial scholars now looked for responds in due order regarding the proceeded underdevelopment of African nations and discovered a second impact in reliance hypothesis. Reliance hypothesis initially picked up unmistakable quality as an approach to illustrate the underdevelopment of Latin American economies in the 1960s. It declares that underdevelopment held on in light of the fact that exceptionally improved nations overwhelmed immature economies by paying low costs for agrarian items and flooding those economies with modest made merchandise. This brought about a ceaselessly negative equalize of installments that averted immature nations from perpetually getting aggressive in the worldwide commercial center. Investment scholars of postcolonial Africa, for example Walter Rodney and Samir Amin, joined the Marxist-Leninist notion of colonialism as a phase of free enterprise with the thought of underdevelopment to make the idea of neocolonialism, which Kwame Nkrumah called the last phase of government. Consistent with Rodney and Amin, European nations, and progressively the United States, ruled the economies of African nations through neocolonialism in some ways. After freedom, the fundamental income base for African nations proceeded to be the fare of crude materials; this brought about the underdevelopment of African economies, while Western commercial ventures flourished. An exceptional case of this process is the West African cocoa industry in the 1960s: throughout this time, handling expanded quickly in numerous African nations; overproduction, then again, prompted a decrease in the offering cost of cocoa worldwide. Neocolonial scholars along these lines announced that economies dependent upon the creation of money harvests, for example cocoa couldnt plan to improve, on the grounds that the planet framework infringes a veritable roof on the income that might be accumulated from their generation. Moreover, the extraction and fare of minerals couldnt serve to improve an African economy, on the grounds that minerals taken from African soil by Western-claimed enterprises were delivered to Europe or America, where they were transformed into produced merchandise, which were then resold to African shoppers at worth included costs. A second technique for neocolonialism, consistent with the hypothesis disciples, was outside help. The failure of their economies to improve after autonomy soon headed numerous African nations to enroll this help. Professors in the impacts of neocolonialism feel that tolerant credits from Europe or America demonstrated the connection between free African governments and the exploitative compels of previous colonizers. They note as confirmation that most remote support has been given as credits, bearing high rates of investment; reimbursement of these advances helped the underdevelopment of African economies on the grounds that the accumulation of premium at last ruined African individuals. The strengths of neocolonialism did not contain previous frontier powers alone, nonetheless. Scholars additionally saw the United States as an inexorably predominant purveyor of neocolonialism in Africa. As the Cold War arrived at its most elevated pressures at harshly the same time that most African nations accomplished freedom, numerous scholars accepted that the expanding levels of American support and mediation in the undertakings of autonomous African states were intended to keep African nations inside the industrialist camp and counteract them from adjusting with the Soviet Union. Provided that the strengths of neocolonialism were so clear to numerous scholars around then, why then could free African nations not basically distinguish them and control to investment demonstrates that might permit them to be more intense on the planet market? Most learners of neocolonialism had speculations about the proceeding empty of African assets. Maybe the two most productive were Kwame Nkrumah and Frantz Fanon. Archive for Neo-Colonialism Where the colonial bosses are budgetary monster gatherings, supported by the method of Western states acting against obligation settlements: Colonialism is back. All things considered, anyhow consistent with heading government officials of the two most well-known account holder countries. Remarking on the Eus failure to convey its end of the deal notwithstanding the savage using cuts Greece had conveyed, Alexis Tsipras, the pioneer of the restriction Syriza gathering, said a week ago that his nation was turning into an obligation settlement. A few days after the fact, Hernan Lorenzino, Argentinas economy priest, utilized the expression legal expansionism to decry the Us court deciding that his nation needs to fork over the required funds an aggregation of vulture stores that had held out from the obligation rebuilding that accompanied the nations 2002 default. While their dialect was deliberately flammable, these two government officials were making amazingly vital focuses. Tsipras was inquiring as to why most loads of change for terrible credits need to succumb to the account holder nation and, inside them, generally on its weaker parts. Also he is correct. As is commonly said, it takes two to tango, so the individuals who censure Greece for hasty obtaining might as well likewise denounce the incautious moneylenders that made it conceivable. Lorenzino was asking how we can let one court administering in an outside nation in favour of one little assembly of banks (who purchased the obligation in the auxiliary market) crash an excruciatingly designed procedure of national recuperation. The ridiculousness of this circumstance comes to be clear when we review that, somewhat on account of the default and ensuing obligation rebuilding, Argentina, developing at shut 7% for every year, has been the quickest developing Latin American economy between 2003 and 2011. Anyway there is significantly more at stake here than the national welfares of Greece and Argentina, vital however they are. The Greek obligation issue has dragged down Greece as well as the entire Eurozone and with it the planet economy. Had the Greek obligation been rapidly diminished to a sensible level through rebuilding, the Eurozone might be in a greatly improved shape today. In the Argentinian case, we are gambling a closure to Argentinas recuperation as well as a crisp adjust of turmoil in the worldwide budgetary advertise due to one sketchy Us court running the show. Lamentably, no instrument like this [bankruptcy] exists for nations, which is the thing that has made sovereign obligation emergencies so troublesome to administer. In light of the fact that they dont have any legitimate insurance from leasers into a bad situation, nations normally delay the important rebuilding of their economies by heaping on additional obligations in the (typically unfulfilled) trust that the circumstance will some way or another resolve itself. This makes the obligation issue greater than would normally be appropriate. Furthermore, in light of the fact that they cant authoritatively go bankrupt, nations confront a stark decision. It is possible that they default and hazard avoidance in the universal fiscal business sector (in spite of the fact that nations can overcome it rapidly, as Russia and Malaysia did in the late 1990s) or they need to pick a genuine default, in which they imagine that they have not defaulted by making full reimbursements on their existin

Sociocultural Aspects of Maternal and Child Health Nursing Essay Example

Sociocultural Aspects of Maternal and Child Health Nursing Essay Another way that time orientation differs is in whether a culture concentrates on the past, the present, or the future. Work and school orientation : People in united states are supposed to work , they are also expected to finish school o they can learn an occupation and support themselves in their adult life. E. G. The predominant culture in the united states stresses that everyone should be employed be employed productively (called the Protestant work ethic) and that work be a pleasure and valued in itself (as important as the product of the work). Other culture do not value work in itself but see it as only a means to an end (you work to get money or food, not satisfaction). Family Orientation : Family structure and the roles of family members are other lifestyle that are culturally determined. Please see different types of families) Male and Female Roles : In most culture , man is the dominant figure. In such a culture, if approval for hospital admission or therapy is needed , the man is the one who gives this approval. We will write a custom essay sample on Sociocultural Aspects of Maternal and Child Health Nursing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sociocultural Aspects of Maternal and Child Health Nursing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sociocultural Aspects of Maternal and Child Health Nursing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In a culture in which men are very dominant and women are extremely passive, a woman may be unable to offer an opinion of her own health or be embarrassed to submit to a physical examination, especially from a male some cultures, the woman may be the dominant person in the family. The oldest woman in the home would be the one to give consent for treatment or hospital admission. Religion : Religion guides a persons overall life philosophy. It influences how people feel about health and illness, what foods they eat, and their preferences about birth and death rituals. E. G. Asks in Jehovah refused blood transfusion. Health Beliefs : Are not universal . It is generally assumed in developed in countries that illness is caused by documented factors such as bacteria, viruses, or trauma. In other countries, however, illness may be viewed primarily as punishment from God or an evil spirit, or as the work of a person who wishes to harm to the sick persons Nutrition Practices : Food and their methods of preparation are strongly culturally related. E. G. Food and their methods of preparation are strongly culturally related Pain Responses : A persons response to pain is a final category that is both individually and culturally determined Jacob et al. , 2008). Although all people may have the same threshold sensation (the amount of stimulus that results in pain), their pain threshold (the point at which the individual reports that a stimulus is painful) and pain tolerance (the point at which an individual withdraws from a stimulus) vary greatly. Strategies to help recognize cultural influences on pain perception are to: a. Appreciate that the meaning of pain varies among cultures; b. Appreciate that not all people communicate or express their level of pain in the same way; c. Recognize that communication of pain may not even be acceptable within a culture; d. Develop an awareness of your personal values and beliefs and that they may affect how you respond to people in pain; and e. Use an assessment tool, such as 1-10 scale, to assist in measuring pain so you are certain that you are being objective as possible.

Comparison between Google and Microsoft Products

Comparison between Google and Microsoft Products Define and compare the business strategies and business models of Google and Microsoft The two giant Information and Communication Technological companies have dominated their expertise fields comfortably. The Google Company’s strategy is bases upon the internet technology while Microsoft dominates management of the desktop applications with a wide range of software. There is high competition between the companies with each having to diversify to other core business units of the telecommunication world. The conflicting competition would probably benefit the users by catalyzing future advancement and promoting different strategies. The foundation of Google’s business model is on the search engine in which it dominates among many core related businesses and user applications. The online search algorithms require bright thoughts, high search speeds and supportive products.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison between Google and Microsoft Pro ducts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, the Microsoft becomes prominent because of its operating system, which is widely used all over the world today, advanced application and utility software. The ever-growing internet broadband connection determines the two companies’ chances of advancement. Has the Internet taken over the PC desktop as the centre of the action? Why or why not? The internet technology has advanced widely and according to the general views, internet based tasks seem to overtake the desktop processing. The concept often referred to as cloud or virtual computing has Google Company advancing to better height. Today people are interested in virtual working and management where there is freedom over the place of work as well as time to work. Microsoft seems to concentrate on desktop computation as the focus by influencing users on maintaining the desktop as the main strategy for computation. The ability to maintain such business continuity depends upon cash flow of which both of these companies enjoy. Why did Microsoft attempt to acquire Yahoo!? How did it affect its business model? Do you believe this was a good move? The advantage of allowing computers in the data centre settings to work out tasks called â€Å"cloud computing† lies on the ability to offer an array of internet option. Although Microsoft has a huge advantage of stable and well-ascertained popular applications among its users, the internet theories of search engines, real-time advertising, digital conferencing, digital plotting and photo management catalyzes the use of electronic information today. Virtual networked interfaces offer customers the ability to access information from various servers in a network as opposed working remotely on their desktops. This was the main reason why Microsoft wanted to acquire Yahoo.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It would provide an excellent chance for advancing their clients from the normal offer of tying them to one machine or local network. Today’s users need access of wide variety of information, which is only attainable through the networked servers. I think the move to acquire Yahoo was excellent since Microsoft would give Google a run for their money considering their financial strength. Today the Microsoft application business model that revolves round the desktop publications is highly threatened, since people face with diverging needs to access and compute information virtually. The Google views majority of its clients needs as being internet based. If this were the case, then Microsoft would wish to have similar shares of services, thus the need to acquire Yahoo. The Microsoft-Yahoo merge would have been an automatic challenge for Google. What is the significance of Google Apps to Googles future success? Some of the significant applications of Google include the ability to maintain data centres, which house all its applications. Google has evident future success abilities considering the increase on the need for internet. Google claim its products to be supplements to other companies products especially Microsoft’s. As much as their claim would be significantly right, Google’s applications seem to submerge Microsoft desktop applications. Their offers of the web-based services through the internet work out well because servers seem to form a strong establishment and use. Would you use Google Apps instead of Microsoft Office applications for computing tasks? Why or why not? I would prefer the Google applications over Microsoft because it already have well established internet search marketplace thus the reason why the services would definitely be better compared to Microsoft. The Google search engine is more sophisticated compared to the competitive companies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison between Google and Microsoft Products specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More People would wish to have cheaper application suites and Google has tried to incorporate majority of the office applications in its search package. Although much simple compared to Microsoft’s Applications they are much cheaper for both subscription and premier edition fees. Most business requires less advanced applications features as opposed to what is on offer by Microsoft for their Business operations. The security offered by the office product of Microsoft is reliable but eventually every business is profit oriented and as long as the outcome is achieved safely then Google offer all that is required for today’s organizations Which company and business model do you believe will prevail in this epic struggle? Justify your answer. In this epic struggle between the two companies, the Google Company’s struggle to offer better services seems more genuine. The performance of Microsoft online services is way below expectations compared to the ever-improving Google offers. Microsoft has the ability to improve to the status of Google starting from a humble beginning as opposed to merging with Yahoo. The move to acquire Yahoo is sceptical and seen as a move to fight Google other than a chance to advance. Microsoft’s goals of innovating or disrupting search fight to win in displaying advertisements and the aim of reinventing social media experiences and portals faces huge challenges such as technological changes. Disruptive new technologies affect most business models especially when the goals seem wide and focus is on competition only.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

The White Power - Smart Custom Writing Samples

The White Power - Smart Custom Writing Life eventKatrina was a hurricane in New Orleans that impacted many people. It was the costliest and one of the five deadliest hurricanes to ever strike the United States.   Its effects were long lasting, more than 80% of New Orleans was flooded, and the flooding and the hurricane winds caused major damages all over. Oil refining in the area was closed due to the damage and this impacted on the oil prices globally. Over 90% of the residents of Louisiana were evacuated which was seen as one of the most successful evacuation of an urbanized area. Nevertheless, many still remained especially the poor and the elderly. The famous Louisiana Superdome used as the home for those who were left behind in the city. Those who remained in their homes were forced to swim for their lives, or remain trapped in rooftops or other high places. Although, the disaster caused major impacts for a large portion of the population, politics and economy of the United States as a whole, to some peoples this is a lifetime event. The damage and loss of life caused by this massive hurricane in Louisiana and Mississippi were overwhelming; with considerable effects being felt as far as the Florida panhandle, Georgia, and Alabama. Considering the extent of its impacts, Katrina was one of the most destructive natural disasters in United States history. What occurred during this period lingers in their mind till date and may haunt them till death. Katrina effects cuts across all generations, it had severe effects on the young, adults and the elderly in the society. As a result of this its effects will remain to be felt for a long time. The total number of people affected either directly or indirectly by Katrina was one thousand eight hundred and thirty three. However those who were directly involved were approximately one thousand five hundred across the four states that is Mississippi, Louisiana, Florida, Georgia, and Alabama, with Louisiana recording the highest and Alabama the least.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Douglas wife, daughter and in-laws lived in the New Orleans area and all lost their lives in the hurricane.   Douglas a middle aged man was faced with a difficult time having lost his wife, daughter and relatives. Tony, a 17 year old male and Melissa a 72 year old granny were all interviewed about how the storm impacted those focusing on their thoughts, perspectives, behavior, reaction and lessons learned.   The hypothesis used by the researcher was: The hurricane will be more disturbing to the older person than the younger interviewee’s based upon a greater fear of death? The researcher found out that the hurricane was disturbing to all those interviewed. However the hurricane was indeed more disturbing to the old, this can be attributed to the fact that they knew a lot of people who were directly or indirectly involved than the younger ones did. Though all the interviewed had fear over death, the older interviewee showed that she coped up with the death of loved ones than the younger interviewees. Interview How did you deal with the potential of dying during the hurricane?   Douglas a 54 year old man says that the potential of being killed by the hurricane still lingers in his mind as if the disaster happened yesterday. According to him he escaped narrowly simply because he could swim in the flooded area. Though he survived he says he would like to forget the experience that claimed the lives of his loved ones. He is however, happy that he survived the disaster that claimed the lives of many. He says he thank his God for saving him during the incident, â€Å"I pray every day and night and thank my creator that though I lost my loved ones I am alive and health. Many people were crippled by I can walk and do my work comfortably, so I give much praises to the Most High.†Ã‚  Ã‚   Tony a 17 year old man says that the hurricane has made him wiser; according to him most of those who died did not adhere to the evacuation calls. This disaster has taught him a lesson in life that life is more important that the worldly thing. He agrees that the disaster traumatized him and to deal with it he had been going for counseling classes to help him cope with what happened. Above all he says believing in God and asking for comfort from above is the most healing moment. Melissa a 72 year old granny shares her experience in dealing with the potential of losing her life in the hurricane. She says that together with a group of other old people they share their experiences of the time and they get a reason to celebrate that they are still alive. She has since then joined several groups in her region in helping others deal with the potential of losing their lives in so doing she is in position to feel relieved and gets a reason to celebrate life.   What did you think of the hurricane? Melissa says that she thinks that the hurricane was very unfair to them; she argues that it claimed the lives of many innocent people. She prays that such a hurricane never strikes again as it is very destructive and leaves permanent scars. However, according to her it was an act of God and she says that we should not question God for what he has done but pray him for guidance and comfort through difficult time. Douglas on his side thinks that the hurricane is caused by human destruction on nature. He says that they are to blame for such incidents, because of the prevalent global warming and climatic changes. According to him God created the earth and He does not interfere with nature but mankind interferes with it leading to the occurrence of natural disasters. He also says that the hurricane reminds him of unpreparedness to tackle disaster when they strike. He argues that if there was proper disaster management plans more lives could have been saved. Tony says that although he believes in God and that such incident was an act of God. He strongly believes that mankind is to blame not only for that incident but for other disasters in other areas. He says that we people have polluted the earth and that’s the reason why people will continue suffering. He says that the young generations are likely to face more hurricanes that might be more devastating. â€Å"I believe that we will have a harder time than our fore fathers, but our children will have even more devastating life if the trend does not change. What emotions did you feel? Starting his remembrance of the last days of August, 2005, Douglas says, "The story I want to tell today is about my family." Speaking of his wife, daughter and mother-in-law, Douglas says, "The three women in my family have steered my life for the past 59 years, to the man that I am today."Prior to Hurricane Katrina made landfall, the family retreated to Douglas’s mother-in law's house, as they had for many storms. But a look out into the bay behind the house convinced Douglas that the water would rise too high. As he tried to warn his family about the danger, the roof collapsed. Douglas's wife, Linda Allen , 57, and daughter, Donna 35, died, as did Linda's mother, Nadine, 79, and her husband, Edward Gifford, 79. Douglas says that he sheds tears every time he remembers the incident that claimed the lives of his family. Tony, 17, evacuated their home in St. Bernard Parish just before it was reported that the levees had broken. Tony remembers that their home was flooded and then caught fire that had started next door. When Katrina hit his father was 75 and stayed at home, he suffered a heart attack immediately and was airlifted to hospital. Tony and the rest of the family moved to stay with their elder sister in Alabama. Tony vows he will never leave his new home he fears that the disaster would strike again and that going back will make him live in fear.   Melissa a 72 year old granny says she spent more than week in the Superdome. The Superdome was meant to be a refuge, a temporary shelter before those trapped in New Orleans could be evacuated. However rather than resisting the storm, Melissa says, "The roof literally looked like an eggshell. It started to peel. And you could hear the wind." The floodwaters rose all around the Superdome, basically trapping those who wanted shelter there. But, Melissa says, "The people never stopped coming in." Melissa says, "All I wanted to do was let you know I wasn't dead, I was alive." "The whole thing felt like a really bad dream," Melissa says. "I remember just feeling like I just reached the end of my life," Melisa recalls. When she was finally evacuated "That was the happiest day of my life," Melissa says. How did your behavior change? Melissa says that since Katrina hit her life has changed completely she has now got the courage to face the odds in life. â€Å"Life is not always about wining and dining it has its ups and downs, I am now usually ready for anything that may come along†. Melisa says. She further says that she has learned to thank the Almighty each day she wakes up. She has also give much of her life in serving the needy and contributing for charities. Tony on his part says that he creates awareness among his peers on the need for change to cope up with the current climatic change. Since then he has also enrolled for a course in disaster management. He says that he would give his life serving others and helping prevent such occurrences where possible. On his part Douglas says that his behavior has changed on the way he valued material things. He says that accumulating earthly wealth is not a toll order in his life any more; to him there is more to life. Analysis A life event such as the one discussed, causes major implication in the lives of many people irrespective of their age. Various intergenerational theory help understand how a life event impacts on their reactions, perspectives, attitude and behavior. According to Cassel (2001), one such theory is disengagement whereby the older person disengages from the society and the society disengages from the person. In our situation the older individual does not fully disengage from the society but does not seem focused on any long term plans. However, the young individual lays blame on the older generation (Cassel, 2001). The other theory is on successful aging and life-span models are moves towards to living and developing for older adults that is empowering and reflect the facts of growing older and not the myths of aging. Life span models of development are a way for older individuals to reflect on the past and look positively toward the future. Feminism has informed us as to the oppressive nature of dominant society and its ageism. On the other hand, theories of successful aging highlight the strengths of growing older, ways to maximize personal health, and benefits of an intergenerational approach.   Fry   (1992), argues that other dominant theories on aging included continuity and activity theories, Activity theory was grounded in a longitudinal study done in Kansas by Robert in which 300 people were interviewed over a six-year period. Activity theory maintains that in order for an individual to successfully age they need to remain as active as possible in middle-age activities. When roles are lost through widowhood or retirement, activity theory would suggest that substitution and adaptation of new roles would be imperative to a successful aging process. Another applicable theory, continuity theory, suggests that a well-integrated personality is the key to successfully ageing. Continuity theory contends that our personalities and core values intensify with age. In other words, a person’s satisfaction with ageing will depend on how well they continue to entertain personality traits and values rather than changing their lifestyles to match the norms prescribed by society. There is still much about older individuals that is assumed and generalized by society (Lynott,   Lynott, 1996). For example, myths such as declines in mental capacity after middle age and the inability of older persons to work effectively have contributed to the way we perceive and treat older populations. Ageism, like sexism or racism, has hindered our society and our fastest growing population. Conclusion From the above interview it is evident that similar life event causes different attitudes, perspectives, behavior and reaction of the different individuals. Various intergenerational theories have been used to explain or rather to understand human behavior. It has been noted that every generation reacts differently to the impacts of live events. According to some theories the older individual tends to disengage from the society and the society also disengages from them (Schroots, 1996). However, other theories suggest that the life span models of development are a way for older individuals to reflect on the past and look positively toward the future. References Cassel, C. (2001). Successful aging: How increased life expectancy and medical advances are changing geriatric care. Geriatrics, vol. 56, (1), pp. 35-46. Fry, P. (1992). Major social theories of aging and their implications for counseling concepts and practice: A critical review. The Counseling Psychologist, vol. 20, (1), pp. 246-329. Lynott, R. Lynott, P. (1996). Tracing the course of theoretical development in the sociology of aging. The Gerontologist, vol. 36, (2), pp. 749-760. Schroots, J. (1996). Theoretical developments in the psychology of aging. The Gerontologist,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   vol. 36, (1), pp. 742-748.

MHE509 Module 2 - Case, Planning for Emergencies -- NIMS; Hazard and Essay

MHE509 Module 2 - Case, Planning for Emergencies -- NIMS; Hazard and Vulnerability Analysis - Essay Example In other words, the pattern of human environmental intervention is directly related to this growing frequency of small to medium scale disasters. The threat we face due to our own conditioning of our environment is to our very existence on this planet. The occurrences of hurricanes and floods along the west coast and the greenhouse effect are testimony to this. 2) Goals are defined when there are viable chances of achieving them. It is by all means a good thing to identify the risk posed in highly vulnerable regions among social groups with low institutional capacity for disaster management. But the issues involved are too deep and enmeshed to be resolved easily. The main reason for the ‘low institutional capacity’ is related to low incomes and being unskilled. Most people residing in the highly vulnerable regions or in close proximity to them, tend to be from social groups in which people are poor, unknowledgeable about the risks, and untrained to cope with any disasters. Their homes too are often poorly constructed and unlikely to be insured. The attachment to the place means that even after a disaster has occurred, they are unlikely to relocate elsewhere. Thus, any strategy to minimize this risk will need to address a host of related needs to do with raising awareness, education programs, social and medical training, giving financial assistance, implementing economic policies and establishing health and social welfare projects. 3) Mitigation should definitely be the primary component of disaster plans because if the measures are taken appropriately they can not only lead to minimizing the risk of a disaster but may even prevent a disaster from occurring. This does not mean that a naturally occurring disaster can be prevented but that we could save ourselves from a calamity. Being successful at preventing a disaster from occurring is better than having to deal with the after